Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) Prometric Practice Exam

Which of the following is the most effective in preventing the spread of infection in the nursing home environment?

1. Frequent hand washing by the staff

2. Wearing gloves at all times

3. Using hand sanitizer after every patient contact

4. Disinfecting surfaces daily

The correct answer is: Frequent hand washing by the staff

Frequent hand washing by the staff is the most effective method for preventing the spread of infection in a nursing home environment. Hand washing removes dirt, pathogens, and organic matter from the hands, thereby significantly reducing the likelihood of transmitting infections between patients and healthcare providers. The practice is essential because hands can easily become contaminated with infectious agents during routine patient care activities. While wearing gloves is important, it does not replace the need for hand hygiene. Gloves can become contaminated just like hands, and improper glove use can lead to cross-contamination. Using hand sanitizer after every patient contact is also beneficial, particularly when soap and water are not available. However, hand sanitizers may not be as effective as soap and water in removing certain types of germs and when hands are visibly dirty. Disinfecting surfaces daily is vital for maintaining a clean environment, but it cannot replace the fundamental practice of hand hygiene. Contaminated hands are a primary vector in the transmission of infections, so hand washing serves as a direct line of defense against the spread of pathogens in healthcare settings.